industri

• Dickens "Coketown", from Hard Times

In the country

1. Many died, especially kids. Few went to school. The priest was the only source of info.

2. Nearly everyone worked on a farm. They made their own clothes & tools. Work animals (horses, oxen, donkey). Made some things to sell: making thread on a spinning wheel, weaving.

In town

1. Customs: Norrtull, Skanstull, Hornstull (“innanför tullorna”)

2. Guilds (for craftsmen): tailor (who wore a shirt), shoemaker, hatmaker (Alice in Wonderland), smithy, mason (Free Masons) bricklayer, wagonmaker.

3. Markets were in town.

Population explosion due to:

1. Better agricultural methods gave larger harvest. Potatoes.

2. Fewer died of smallpox (smittkoppor) - vaccination

3. No wars after Napoleon.

4. UK doubled pop under 1st half 19thC

5. People moved to town to look for work

Industralizaton (1700s UK, 1800s Europe)

1. Dickens

2. Cotton from America

3. Mass production

4. From machines made of wood to those made of iron.

ICT

1. Raw materials (coal, iron ore - järnmalm)

2. New roads, canals, ships. RR steam engine. Steam ships.

3. Postage stamps mid 1800s. Telegraph under Atlantic. Telephone.

Workplace hazards 

1. Unions